Exodus Chapter 36 Bible Study: The Overflowing Generosity, Skilled Craftsmanship, and Construction of the Tabernacle

The Call to Stop Giving: An Overflow of Generosity

Exodus chapter 36 opens with a remarkable and almost unprecedented scene in biblical history: the people’s offerings for the tabernacle were so abundant that Moses had to tell them to stop giving. “Then Bezalel and Oholiab, and every gifted artisan in whose heart the Lord had put wisdom, everyone whose heart was stirred, shall do the work of the service of the sanctuary, according to all that the Lord has commanded.” This verse reiterates the divine gifting and the willing hearts of the artisans, setting the stage for the work to begin. Immediately following, the text states, “And Moses called Bezalel and Oholiab, and every gifted artisan in whose heart the Lord had put wisdom, everyone whose heart was stirred, to come and do the work. Then they received from Moses all the offerings which the children of Israel had brought for the work of the service of the sanctuary, to do it. So they continued bringing to him freewill offerings every morning.”

The phrase “freewill offerings every morning” highlights the sustained and continuous nature of the people’s generosity. It wasn’t a one-time surge but a daily outpouring of devotion. This consistent giving quickly led to an excess of materials. “And all the skilled artisans who were doing all the work of the sanctuary came, each from the work he was doing, and spoke to Moses, saying, ‘The people bring much more than enough for the service of the work which the Lord commanded us to do.'” This is an incredible testimony to the power of a willing heart and the abundance that results when God’s people respond generously to His call. In a direct reversal of their previous rebellion with the golden calf (Exodus 32), where they gave their gold for idolatry, they now gave it profusely for God’s dwelling place.

“So Moses gave a commandment, and they caused it to be proclaimed throughout the camp, saying, ‘Let neither man nor woman do any more work for the offering of the sanctuary.’ And the people were restrained from bringing, for the material they had was sufficient for all the work to make it, and too much.” The command to “restrain” the people from giving more is a unique event. It signifies that the materials were not merely sufficient but “too much” – an overflowing abundance. This demonstrates God’s ability to provide exceedingly, abundantly beyond all that we ask or think, often through the willing hearts of His people (Ephesians 3:20). It also serves as a powerful lesson in generosity: when God’s people give cheerfully and sacrificially, there is always more than enough for His work. This stands as a stark contrast to the frequent struggles for resources often seen in human endeavors. The overflow was a visible sign of God’s blessing on their renewed obedience and a testament to the transformative power of genuine repentance.

The Skilled Artisans and Their Leadership

The commencement of the tabernacle construction is marked by the active involvement and leadership of the divinely appointed artisans. “And Bezalel and Oholiab and every gifted artisan with whom the Lord had put wisdom and understanding, to know how to do all manner of work for the service of the sanctuary, shall do according to all that the Lord has commanded.” This verse reiterates the divine source of their skill, emphasizing that their abilities were not merely natural talents but supernatural endowments from God. The combination of “wisdom and understanding” signifies not just technical proficiency but also the discernment to execute God’s intricate designs with precision and spiritual insight.

“So Bezalel and Oholiab and every gifted artisan with whom the Lord had put wisdom and understanding, to know how to do all manner of work for the service of the sanctuary, did according to all that the Lord had commanded.” This statement confirms that the work began in earnest, under the direct guidance of these key leaders. Bezalel and Oholiab were not just master craftsmen; they were also overseers and instructors. As mentioned in Exodus 35:34, God had put in their hearts “the ability to teach.” This teaching aspect was crucial for a project of this magnitude, ensuring that the numerous other “gifted artisans” (Exodus 35:10) could contribute effectively and accurately.

Their leadership involved organizing the vast array of materials, delegating tasks, ensuring quality control, and interpreting the divine blueprints given to Moses. They translated the spiritual vision into tangible reality. This highlights the importance of gifted leadership in any major undertaking for God’s kingdom. Leaders are not just those who command, but those who are equipped by God to guide, teach, and enable others to use their gifts effectively. The success of the tabernacle construction was a direct result of God’s provision of skilled and wise leaders who could manage the project, inspire the workforce, and ensure that every detail adhered to the divine specifications. This demonstrates that God’s work requires both willing hearts and competent, divinely empowered leadership to bring His plans to fruition.

Construction of the Tabernacle Curtains: Fine Linen

The actual construction of the tabernacle begins with its innermost and most intricate layer: the curtains of fine woven linen. “And all the gifted artisans among whom was all the work of the tabernacle made ten curtains of fine woven linen and blue, purple, and scarlet thread; with artistic designs of cherubim they made them. The length of each curtain was twenty-eight cubits, and the width of each curtain was four cubits; the curtains were all the same size. Five of the curtains were joined to one another, and the other five curtains were joined to one another. He made loops of blue on the edge of the curtain on the selvedge of one set; likewise he made them on the edge of the curtain on the selvedge of the second set. Fifty loops he made on one curtain, and fifty loops he made on the edge of the curtain that was on the selvedge of the second set; the loops were opposite each other. And he made fifty clasps of gold, and joined the curtains to each other with clasps, so that it became one tabernacle.”

These ten curtains formed the inner walls and ceiling of the tabernacle, creating the sacred space of the Holy Place and the Most Holy Place. The materials used – “fine woven linen and blue, purple, and scarlet thread” – were the most precious and symbolic.

Fine Woven Linen: Symbolized purity, righteousness, and holiness. It was the material for priestly garments and represented the clean state required to approach God.
Blue: Represented heaven, the divine, and God’s heavenly abode.
Purple: Symbolized royalty, kingship, and majesty, signifying God as the King of the universe.
Scarlet: Represented blood, life, and atonement, pointing to the sacrificial system and ultimately to Christ’s blood.

The “artistic designs of cherubim” woven into the fabric are highly significant. Cherubim were angelic beings associated with God’s presence, holiness, and guarding His throne (Genesis 3:24; Ezekiel 1:4-28; Revelation 4:6-8). Their presence on the curtains indicated that the tabernacle was a sacred space where God dwelt, guarded by heavenly beings. It also pointed to the heavenly reality that the earthly tabernacle shadowed (Hebrews 8:5).

The meticulous details of size (twenty-eight cubits long, four cubits wide) and construction (five curtains joined, with fifty loops of blue and fifty gold clasps) highlight the precision required for God’s dwelling place. The “clasps of gold” connecting the two sets of curtains ensured a seamless union, making it “one tabernacle.” This unity symbolized the indivisible nature of God’s presence and the unified purpose of His dwelling. The craftsmanship involved in weaving such intricate designs and precise dimensions speaks to the extraordinary skill divinely imparted to the artisans. This inner layer of the tabernacle was not merely functional; it was a profound theological statement, visually representing the holiness, majesty, and redemptive plan of God.

Construction of the Tabernacle Curtains: Goats’ Hair

Layered over the fine linen curtains were the curtains made of goats’ hair, forming the next covering of the tabernacle. “He made curtains of goats’ hair for the tent over the tabernacle; he made eleven curtains. The length of each curtain was thirty cubits, and the width of each curtain was four cubits; the eleven curtains were all the same size. He joined five of the curtains by themselves and six curtains by themselves. He made fifty loops on the edge of the curtain on the selvedge of one set, and fifty loops on the edge of the curtain of the second set. And he made fifty bronze clasps to join the tent together, that it might be one.”

These curtains were made of “goats’ hair,” a material that was coarser and more utilitarian than the fine linen. While less glamorous, goats’ hair was durable and provided excellent protection against the elements, making it suitable for the outer layer of the tent structure. It was also a common material used for tents in the ancient Near East, giving this layer a more earthly, practical appearance compared to the inner, more glorious linen. The use of goats’ hair also held symbolic significance in the sacrificial system, as goats were often used for sin offerings (Leviticus 4). This subtly pointed to the need for atonement for sin, which separated humanity from God’s holy presence.

The dimensions of these curtains were slightly larger than the linen ones (thirty cubits long, four cubits wide), designed to completely cover the inner linen structure. There were “eleven curtains” in total, joined in two sets (five and six), which would have allowed for an overhang at the front of the tabernacle. Similar to the linen curtains, they used “fifty loops” and “fifty bronze clasps” to join the two sets together, ensuring the structural integrity and unity of this layer. The use of “bronze clasps” contrasted with the gold clasps of the inner layer, reflecting the more utilitarian nature of this outer covering.

This layer of goats’ hair curtains served as a protective barrier, shielding the sacred inner space from the harsh desert environment. It also visually distinguished the outer appearance of the tabernacle, which might have seemed unassuming from the outside, from the hidden glory within. This teaches us that God’s dwelling place, while glorious within, often presents a more humble or functional exterior to the world. It also highlights the meticulous planning of God, providing layers of protection and symbolism for His sacred space. Every material, every dimension, and every detail had a purpose in the overall design and theological meaning of the tabernacle.

Construction of the Tabernacle Coverings: Ram Skins and Badger Skins

Beyond the goats’ hair curtains, the tabernacle had two additional layers of covering, providing ultimate protection and completing its exterior appearance. “Then he made a covering for the tent of ram skins dyed red, and a covering of badger skins above that.” These two layers formed the outermost shell of the tabernacle, designed for resilience against the elements of the wilderness.

Ram Skins Dyed Red: This layer was made from “ram skins dyed red.” Rams were commonly used as sacrificial animals (Exodus 29:1-2), and their skins, when dyed red, would have symbolized the blood of atonement. This layer, though external, carried a profound theological meaning, reminding anyone who understood the symbolism that access to God’s presence was only possible through the shedding of blood. It pointed to the substitutionary sacrifices that would take place at the altar of burnt offering and ultimately to the blood of Christ. The red color would also have made this layer visually striking.
Badger Skins (or Dolphin/Dugong Skins): The outermost layer was made of “badger skins.” The exact identification of this animal is debated among scholars, with some suggesting it refers to a type of durable, waterproof leather from an aquatic mammal like a dugong or dolphin, rather than a badger. Regardless of the precise animal, the key characteristic of these skins was their extreme durability, toughness, and water resistance. This layer provided the ultimate protection against rain, sandstorms, and the harsh desert sun. It would have appeared plain, dark, and unadorned from the outside, contrasting sharply with the vibrant colors and intricate designs of the inner layers.

These two outermost coverings served primarily as protective layers, shielding the sacred contents and the more delicate inner curtains from the harsh wilderness environment. They ensured the longevity and integrity of the tabernacle structure. The contrast between the plain, rugged exterior and the hidden beauty and glory within is a significant theme. From the outside, the tabernacle might have looked like any other tent, albeit a very large and well-constructed one. But within, it housed the radiant presence of God, symbolized by the fine linen, gold, and cherubim. This teaches us that God’s dwelling place, and indeed His kingdom, often appears unassuming or even ordinary to the outside world, while holding profound spiritual beauty and divine glory within. It also subtly points to the humble appearance of Christ, who came without outward pomp or splendor, yet within Him dwelt the fullness of the Godhead (Colossians 2:9).

Construction of the Tabernacle Framework: Boards of Acacia Wood

The structural integrity of the tabernacle was provided by its framework, meticulously constructed from acacia wood. “He made boards for the tabernacle of acacia wood, standing upright. The length of each board was ten cubits and the width of each board was one and a half cubits. Each board had two tenons for joining with another; thus he made for all the boards of the tabernacle. And he made boards for the tabernacle, twenty boards for the south side; and he made forty sockets of silver under the twenty boards: two sockets under each of the boards for its two tenons. And for the other side of the tabernacle, the north side, he made twenty boards and forty sockets of silver: two sockets under each of the boards for its two tenons. For the west side of the tabernacle he made six boards. And he made two boards for the corners of the tabernacle in the two corners. They were coupled at the bottom and coupled together at the top by one ring. Thus he made both of them for the two corners. So there were eight boards and their sixteen sockets of silver—two sockets under each of the boards.”

Acacia Wood: This wood was abundant in the Sinai wilderness and known for its durability, resistance to decay, and hardness. Its use signifies strength and longevity, making it an ideal material for the tabernacle’s foundational structure. In biblical symbolism, wood often represents humanity, and the use of acacia wood, which was then overlaid with gold for many components, can symbolize humanity being covered by divine glory.
Standing Upright Boards: The boards were “standing upright,” forming the vertical walls of the tabernacle. Their precise dimensions (ten cubits long, one and a half cubits wide) ensured uniformity and stability. Each board had “two tenons” (projections) that would fit into corresponding “sockets” at the base, providing a secure interlocking system.
Silver Sockets: The “forty sockets of silver” (two under each board) provided the heavy, stable foundation for the boards. Silver was often associated with redemption in the Old Testament (e.g., the half-shekel temple tax, Exodus 30:11-16). The fact that the entire structure rested on silver sockets subtly points to the idea that the dwelling place of God among His people was founded on redemption. The weight of these silver sockets would have provided significant stability, ensuring the tabernacle could withstand the elements and be firmly rooted.

The detailed count of boards (twenty for the south, twenty for the north, six for the west, and two corner boards) and their corresponding silver sockets (forty for each side, sixteen for the west) highlights the meticulous planning and precise engineering involved. The “corner boards” were specially designed to be “coupled at the bottom and coupled together at the top by one ring,” ensuring the structural integrity of the corners. This intricate framework provided the rigid support for the various curtain layers, creating a defined and stable sacred space. The emphasis on precision and specific materials underscores that God’s dwelling place was to be built exactly according to His divine blueprint, reflecting His order, stability, and the foundational principles of redemption.

Construction of the Tabernacle Bars

To further strengthen and unify the tabernacle’s framework, a system of bars was meticulously crafted. “And he made bars of acacia wood: five for the boards on one side of the tabernacle, five bars for the boards on the other side of the tabernacle, and five bars for the boards of the west side of the tabernacle toward the rear. The middle bar passed through the boards from one end to the other.”

Acacia Wood Bars: Like the boards, these bars were made of durable acacia wood, ensuring their strength and longevity.
Five Bars Per Side: Each of the three sides (north, south, and west) had “five bars.” These bars would have passed through rings or loops attached to the boards, providing horizontal stability and connecting the individual boards into a unified wall.
The Middle Bar: The most significant detail is the “middle bar” which “passed through the boards from one end to the other.” This central bar would have been exceptionally long, running the entire length of each side. It provided a continuous, unifying element, binding all the individual boards together into a single, strong structure. This central bar is often seen as a symbol of unity and strength, holding the entire framework together. It could also symbolically represent the unifying presence of God or the centrality of His covenant in binding His people together.

The system of bars, combined with the upright boards and their silver sockets, created a robust and stable structure for the tabernacle. This framework was designed to be portable, yet strong enough to withstand the rigors of wilderness travel and the elements. The meticulous detail in the construction of these seemingly simple components underscores the divine precision required for God’s dwelling place. Every part contributed to the overall integrity and sacredness of the structure. The emphasis on unity, through the joining of boards and the binding of the central bar, subtly points to the unity required among God’s people as they gather in His presence and serve Him. The tabernacle was not just a collection of parts; it was a single, unified dwelling place for the holy God, built with divine guidance and human skill.

Construction of the Veil of the Covering

The most sacred division within the tabernacle was created by the Veil, which separated the Holy Place from the Most Holy Place. “And he made a veil of blue, purple, scarlet thread, and fine woven linen; it was made with artistic designs of cherubim. He made for it four pillars of acacia wood overlaid with gold, with their hooks of gold; and he cast four sockets of silver for them.”

Materials and Design: The Veil was made of the same precious and symbolic materials as the inner tabernacle curtains: “blue, purple, scarlet thread, and fine woven linen.” This signifies its extreme sacredness and its connection to the divine, royalty, atonement, and purity. Like the inner curtains, it was adorned with “artistic designs of cherubim.” These angelic figures emphasized that the Veil guarded the very presence of God, where the Ark of the Covenant and the Mercy Seat resided. The cherubim served as a visual reminder of the holiness of the Most Holy Place and the barrier that separated sinful humanity from God’s unapproachable glory.
Purpose of the Veil: The Veil served as a physical barrier, preventing anyone (except the High Priest, once a year, on the Day of Atonement) from entering the Most Holy Place. This strict separation underscored God’s absolute holiness and the reality of sin, which creates a barrier between God and humanity. It taught the people that direct access to God’s presence was not possible due to their sinfulness.
Pillars and Sockets: The Veil was supported by “four pillars of acacia wood overlaid with gold,” signifying strength, durability, and divine glory. These pillars had “hooks of gold” from which the Veil hung. They rested on “four sockets of silver,” again pointing to redemption as the foundation for access, even limited access, to God’s presence.

The Veil was a powerful symbol of separation, sin, and the need for atonement. However, it also foreshadowed a future reality. In the New Testament, the tearing of the temple veil from top to bottom at Jesus’ crucifixion (Matthew 27:51; Mark 15:38; Luke 23:45) symbolized that through Christ’s death, the barrier between God and humanity was removed. His sacrifice provided direct access to God’s presence for all believers (Hebrews 10:19-20). The craftsmanship of this Veil, with its intricate cherubim and precious materials, highlights its immense significance as the ultimate boundary within God’s earthly dwelling.

Construction of the Screen for the Tabernacle Door

The final major component of the tabernacle’s main structure was the screen that served as the entrance to the Holy Place. “He made a screen for the door of the tabernacle, of blue, purple, and scarlet thread, and fine woven linen, made by a weaver. He made for it five pillars of acacia wood overlaid with gold, with their hooks of gold; and he cast five sockets of bronze for them.”

Materials and Design: Like the Veil and the inner curtains, this “screen for the door” was made of “blue, purple, and scarlet thread, and fine woven linen.” This indicates its sacredness and its connection to the divine, royalty, and atonement. However, unlike the Veil, it was “made by a weaver,” suggesting a simpler, less intricate design than the cherubim-embroidered Veil. This difference in craftsmanship might subtly indicate its lesser degree of holiness compared to the Veil, as it marked the entrance to the Holy Place, not the Most Holy Place.
Purpose of the Screen: This screen served as the main entrance to the tabernacle proper, leading into the Holy Place. It was a barrier that regulated entry, allowing only priests to enter for their daily service. While it was a barrier, it was also an invitation to approach God through the designated means.
Pillars and Sockets: The screen was supported by “five pillars of acacia wood overlaid with gold,” symbolizing strength and divine glory. These pillars had “hooks of gold” from which the screen hung. Significantly, they rested on “five sockets of bronze.” The use of bronze sockets, rather than silver (as for the Veil and the main boards) or gold, is notable. Bronze was often associated with judgment and the altar of burnt offering in the courtyard. This might subtly indicate that the entrance to God’s presence, even into the Holy Place, was only possible after a recognition of judgment and the need for atonement.

The screen for the door, along with the Veil, regulated access to God’s presence within the tabernacle. While the Veil separated the Most Holy Place, the screen controlled entry into the Holy Place. Both served as visual reminders that God is holy and cannot be approached casually. The careful construction of this screen, using precious materials and supported by sturdy pillars, underscores the importance of the entrance to God’s dwelling place. It was a sacred threshold, emphasizing that access to God is always on His terms, through the prescribed means and with proper reverence. This also foreshadows Christ as “the door” through whom we enter into God’s presence (John 10:9).

Theological Themes in Exodus 36

Exodus 36, though primarily a record of construction, is rich with theological themes that provide profound insights into God’s character and His relationship with humanity.

1. God’s Abundant Provision and Human Generosity: The most striking theme is the overflowing generosity of the people, leading to an excess of materials. This demonstrates God’s ability to provide “much more than enough” for His work when His people respond with willing and cheerful hearts. It highlights that God’s resources are limitless, and He often chooses to channel them through the willing contributions of His followers. This teaches us to give generously, trusting in His ability to multiply and provide.

2. Divine Empowerment for Service: The repeated emphasis on Bezalel and Oholiab, and all the “gifted artisans,” being filled with “wisdom and understanding” by the Spirit of God, underscores the concept of divine empowerment for service. God not only calls people to tasks but also supernaturally equips them with the necessary skills, knowledge, and even the ability to teach others. This reminds us that our talents, when consecrated to God, are elevated to a divine level, enabling us to accomplish things beyond our natural abilities. Every gift, from the most intricate craftsmanship to the simplest act of service, is from God and for His glory.

3. The Holiness and Order of God: The meticulous detail in the construction of every component – the precise measurements, specific materials, and intricate designs – reflects God’s absolute holiness and His demand for order and perfection in His dwelling place. Every part of the tabernacle was designed to reflect His character and His standards. This teaches us that God is a God of order, not chaos, and that our worship and service should be characterized by excellence and reverence.

4. The Tabernacle as a Shadow of Heavenly Realities: The detailed descriptions of the tabernacle’s components, particularly the cherubim on the curtains and Veil, point to the idea that the earthly tabernacle was a copy or “shadow” of heavenly realities (Hebrews 8:5). It was designed to provide a tangible representation of God’s dwelling place and His divine order, giving Israel a glimpse into the spiritual realm.

5. The Barriers of Sin and the Path to Access: The various layers of curtains and the Veil highlight the reality of sin and the barriers it creates between a holy God and sinful humanity. The progression from the plain outer coverings to the glorious inner sanctuary, culminating in the impenetrable Veil, visually demonstrated that direct access to God’s presence was restricted due to sin. This emphasized the need for atonement and the divinely prescribed means of approach.

6. Redemption as Foundation: The use of silver sockets, often associated with redemption (Exodus 30:11-16), as the foundation for the tabernacle boards, subtly suggests that God’s dwelling among His people was founded on the principle of redemption. Access to His presence, even in a limited way, was based on His redemptive acts and the sacrificial system.

7. Foreshadowing Christ: Every aspect of the tabernacle, from its materials to its structure and the rituals performed within it, points forward to Jesus Christ. The precious materials, the symbolism of blood (red ram skins), the separation by the Veil, and the restricted access all find their ultimate fulfillment in Christ. He is the ultimate High Priest, the perfect sacrifice, the one who tore the Veil, and the true dwelling place of God among humanity (John 1:14; Hebrews 9:11-12; 10:19-20).

These theological themes in Exodus 36 reveal God’s character, His methods of working through His people, and the profound spiritual truths embedded in the physical construction of His earthly dwelling place.

Practical Lessons from Exodus 36

Exodus 36, though detailing ancient construction, offers numerous practical lessons applicable to Christian life and service today.

1. Give Until It Overflows: The most striking lesson is the people’s overwhelming generosity, leading to an excess of materials. This challenges us to give not just sufficiently, but abundantly, with willing hearts. When we give generously to God’s work, we often find that His provision is “much more than enough.” This encourages a spirit of cheerful, sacrificial giving, trusting God to multiply our efforts.

2. Trust God’s Provision for His Work: The fact that God’s work was over-resourced by the people’s giving reminds us that God is fully capable of providing for His purposes. We should not rely on human fundraising strategies or manipulation, but on God’s ability to stir the hearts of His people. This fosters faith that if God calls us to a task, He will provide the means.

3. Utilize and Develop Your God-Given Skills: The chapter highlights the “gifted artisans” who were divinely empowered. This teaches us to recognize that our skills, whether artistic, technical, organizational, or otherwise, are gifts from God. We are called to develop these gifts and use them diligently for His glory in the church and the world. Every talent can be consecrated for God’s service.

4. Embrace Leadership and Mentorship in Service: Bezalel and Oholiab’s role as overseers and teachers is vital. This emphasizes the importance of strong, divinely appointed leadership in ministry. It also highlights the value of mentorship – those with experience and skill should be willing to teach and equip others, ensuring the continuity and excellence of God’s work.

5. Excellence in All We Do for God: The meticulous detail and precision in every aspect of the tabernacle’s construction underscore the importance of excellence in our service to God. Whether it’s a grand project or a seemingly small task, we should strive for our best, recognizing that we are serving a holy God who deserves nothing less than our finest efforts.

6. The Importance of Order and Structure: The detailed plans for the boards, bars, and coverings demonstrate God’s preference for order and structure. In our ministries and personal lives, having clear plans, organization, and attention to detail can contribute to effectiveness and reflect God’s character.

7. The Value of Hidden Work: The contrast between the plain outer coverings and the glorious inner sanctuary teaches us that not all valuable work is visible or glamorous. Much of God’s work happens behind the scenes, providing protection, stability, or support. We should value all contributions, visible or hidden, knowing that God sees and rewards all faithful service.

8. Understanding the Nature of Access to God: The various layers and the Veil visually communicate that access to a holy God is not casual. It is on His terms, through specific means, and requires reverence. While Christ has now opened direct access (Hebrews 10:19-20), the principle of approaching God with holiness and respect remains.

These practical lessons from Exodus 36 continue to shape how believers approach giving, serving, leadership, and the pursuit of excellence in all areas of their lives for God’s glory.

Cross-References and Broader Biblical Themes

Exodus 36, detailing the construction of the tabernacle, connects to numerous broader biblical themes and finds echoes in other passages throughout Scripture.

1. Generosity and Giving:

Exodus 35:20-29: The initial call for freewill offerings and the people’s willing response, setting the stage for the abundance in Exodus 36.
1 Chronicles 29:6-9: David and the leaders and people give generously for the temple construction, resulting in great joy and abundance.
Proverbs 11:24-25: “There is one who scatters, yet increases more; And there is one who withholds more than is right, But it leads to poverty. The generous soul will be made rich, And he who waters will also be watered himself.”
Malachi 3:10: God challenges Israel to bring all the tithes into the storehouse, promising to open the windows of heaven and pour out blessing.
2 Corinthians 9:6-8: Paul teaches on cheerful giving, emphasizing that God loves a cheerful giver and is able to make all grace abound.
Philippians 4:18-19: Paul acknowledges the Philippians’ generous gift and assures them that God will supply all their needs.

2. Divine Empowerment and Spiritual Gifts:

Exodus 31:1-6: The initial appointment and filling of Bezalel and Oholiab with the Spirit of God for craftsmanship.
Isaiah 11:2: The Spirit of the Lord rests upon the Messiah with wisdom, understanding, knowledge, etc.
Romans 12:6-8: Paul describes various spiritual gifts given to believers for serving the body of Christ.
1 Corinthians 12:4-11: Paul lists diverse spiritual gifts, all empowered by the same Spirit for the common good.
Ephesians 4:11-12: Christ gives gifts to equip believers for works of ministry.
1 Peter 4:10-11: “As each one has received a gift, minister it to one another, as good stewards of the manifold grace of God.”

3. The Tabernacle and Temple (God’s Dwelling Place):

Exodus 25:8: “And let them make Me a sanctuary, that I may dwell among them.” The overarching purpose.
1 Kings 6:1-38: Solomon builds the permanent temple, following a similar meticulous pattern.
John 1:14: “And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us, and we beheld His glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father, full of grace and truth.” Jesus is the ultimate tabernacle.
1 Corinthians 3:16: “Do you not know that you are the temple of God and that the Spirit of God dwells in you?” Believers are now the dwelling place of God’s Spirit.
Ephesians 2:19-22: Believers are built together into a “dwelling place of God in the Spirit.”
Revelation 21:3: The ultimate fulfillment in the New Jerusalem: “Behold, the tabernacle of God is with men, and He will dwell with them.”

4. The Veil and Access to God:

Leviticus 16:2, 12-15: Instructions for the High Priest’s once-a-year entry into the Most Holy Place, emphasizing the barrier of the Veil.
Matthew 27:51: The tearing of the temple veil at Jesus’ crucifixion, symbolizing open access to God through Christ’s sacrifice.
Mark 15:38; Luke 23:45: Parallel accounts of the tearing of the veil.
Hebrews 4:14-16: Encourages believers to “come boldly to the throne of grace” because we have a great High Priest, Jesus.
Hebrews 10:19-20: “Therefore, brethren, having boldness to enter the Holiest by the blood of Jesus, by a new and living way which He consecrated for us, through the veil, that is, His flesh.” This is the key New Testament interpretation of the Veil.

5. Symbolism of Materials (Gold, Silver, Linen, Colors):

Gold: Divine glory, purity, deity (e.g., Revelation 21:18, 21).
Silver: Redemption, atonement (e.g., Exodus 30:11-16).
Fine Linen: Righteousness, purity (e.g., Revelation 19:8).
Blue: Heavenly, divine (e.g., Numbers 15:38).
Purple: Royalty, kingship (e.g., Judges 8:26; Mark 15:17).
Scarlet: Blood, atonement, sacrifice (e.g., Leviticus 14:4; Isaiah 1:18).
Acacia Wood: Durability, often symbolizing humanity covered by divine glory when overlaid with gold.

Exodus 36 is not merely a technical description but a deeply theological narrative, illustrating God’s meticulous planning, His empowering grace, the beauty of human generosity, and the profound foreshadowing of Christ and the New Covenant in every detail of His earthly dwelling place.